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Landscape Painting

The word landscape as most westerners use it is completely entrenched in western notions of land, nature and art. It is generally only conceived of in terms of an emerging post-Renaissance dichotomy of nature vs. culture or pristine vs. mundane and contaminated. Alternatively, the genesis of the western concept of landscape is tied to the discovery of linear perspective and map-making. It is not true, however, that understandings of landscape, even within western culture, are necessarily formed around concepts of untouched nature or which locate the observer (as in the trope of the painted landscape) outside of the picture, the landscape itself. For many people, the dense mesh of city buildings is their landscape and their art may reflect this. For others, human intervention in the natural world may be seen as the ideal environment and "visual pleasure" may be brought about by views of cleared tracts of land juxtaposed with threatening wilderness. The actual word "Landscape" is derived from the Dutch, "Landschap" or German "'Landschaft' meaning a sheaf, a patch of cultivated ground, something small-scale that corresponded to a peasant's perception, a mere fragment of a feudal estate, an inset in a Breugel landscape.

This usage had gone out of vogue by the eleventh century, replaced by words that corresponded to the larger political spaces of those with power - territoire, pays, domain. And then in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries it re-emerged, tightly tied to a particular 'way of seeing', a particular experience, whether in pictures, extolling nature or landscaping an estate" (B. Bender in Landscape: Politics and Perspectives 1995:2). Through tracing the history of the term we come to see that even within the realm of art, it is tied to politics and power of conceptual organization, ownership and perspective. That landscape painting as form of representation was established in 15th century Italy and Flanders was due to new politics of vision. In fact, landscape, be it used to describe a genre of painting or the world we locate ourselves within, is never empty, never just a 'vista'. And, equally as significantly, never only experienced visually.

Landscape refers to the layout in terms of a land area and to its visual representation, particularly as portrayed by members of the painting community.

The term landscape even in terms of the physical sense implies the visual interpretation of the configuration in terms of the land, because that is the primary way in terms of which a landscape is perceived.

A landscape comprises several principal categories in terms of elements: landforms, vegetation, human-built structural elements, depth and breadth in terms of view, A landscape may also include: water bodies, other life forms, particularly in terms of members of fauna and wildlife communities, human presence, human-made artistic representations, direction of lighting, weather forms.

Landforms are based on a set of elements that include elevation, slope, orientation, stratification, rock exposure, and soil type. Landforms by name include berms, mounds, hills, cliffs, valleys, and so forth.

The practice of designing landscapes to engage with issues around visual pleasure and other aspects in terms of function is landscape architecture. A member of the landscape architecture community who has passed a state registration exam is termed a landscape architect.

When the term landscape refers to a static painting, weather and sky conditions are also important elements.

The term landscape also is applied to the orientation of a rectangular page, painting or other graphic, denoting that the long axis is horizontal. When the long axis is vertical, it is termed portrait.

The Habitat Theory claims that people like open landscapes because the human species originates in the African Savanna. This theory has been applied to explain why open landscapes are valued, but it fails to explain why this is not universally true.

Tips For Better Landscape Pictures

photography requires that you understand few basic principles of photography. Light is an important factor to be considered. Light has three main qualities namely intensity, direction and color. Intensity is the strength of the light which plays an important role during photography. Direction refers to the light placement. This can either be front, back or side-lighting. Side lighting can produce more textures between light and sun. Color refers to the color of sunlight. The color of sunlight is different at different times. During the morning and evening, the color of sunlight is warmer and hence can produce beautiful pictures.

Composition is another important factor to be considered while taking landscape pictures. Composition refers to how exactly you place the things in your picture. Some foreground objects add a lot of depth to the pictures. Use smaller aperture to cover a larger scene.Try to frame the picture with natural elements like trees. This gives a wonderful look to the pictures.

Here are some tips to give your landscape pictures that wow factor -

- Always get a tripod when shooting landscapes. When the camera is not stable in your hands camera shake is caused. A good tripod can help you avoid unclear pictures.

- Use a cable release instead of a timer function. This helps triggering the shutter at the right time.

- Use the right filters for taking landscape pictures. Polarizers and neutral density filters are good. Polarizers help to reduce the glare from water and neutral density filters help in stopping the specified amount of light by entering the camera.

- It is always good to know the background of the place before you take a landscape photo. This helps you cover the most attractive parts of the scene. Take a good look at the place before you begin to shoot so that you can capture the best scenes of the place.

- Take the photo on a day when the weather conditions are suitable. You can cancel your shoot the day when the weather is not good.

- Use a wide-angle lens for taking landscape photos. Wide angle lens when used with telephoto lens helps get some creative and zoomed-out shots.

- Always shoot at the right time. Avoid shooting during noon. You can choose to shoot in the mornings or evenings. The sunlight is bright during the afternoon and hence tends to spoil the look of the landscape picture.

Landscape pictures can develop brilliantly. People want unique pictures. Try and avoid the common scenaries in your landscape picture. Rather experiment with some different angles.

You can refer to various magazines and books to know more about landscape pictures. There are various resources available on the Internet. Your hobby in landscape photography can also lead to a career in landscape photography or landscape painting. If you are bitten by the travel bug, you can travel to some great locations to shoot. Landscape pictures are sold for good prices and hence can turn out to be a stable source of income.

 

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