Oil Paintings Vocabulary
Alla Prima/Direct Painting
Painting not done in layers (which is the traditional way); literally "at once" in Italian
Broken Color
Painting small, disjoint areas of color, as in Impressionism or Pointillism
Collage
Adding other types of media or materials to the oil painting
Fat Over Lean
Using "lean" oil (less oil than turpentine in the paint) paint, which dries faster, under a "fat" oil paint (pure paint) layer
Frottie
Glazing with opaque colors, or a colored glaze mixed with white; using semi-transparent glaze or film
Masking
Using adhesive material to cover an area or create boundaries for where one is currently painting
Painting to Completion in Sections
Performing Alla Prima by section; runs the risk of a disjointed-looking painting if careless
Spattering
Flicking a brush to transfer the paint on it onto the canvas
Toned Ground
Applying a stain over a priming (i.e., ground) before one begins to paint; commonly used colors
Using Ground
Allowing a portion of the ground to see through the finished painting
Varnish
Applying a protective film over a painting that results in either a glossy or matte surface
Wet-on-wet
Literally wet paint used alongside wet paint; produces a lighter look when the colors mix; "painting from light colors up"; leaves no time for drying up and is thus a quicker method of painting